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Reading

Word Reading
- Apply their growing knowledge of root words, prefixes and suffixes (etymology and morphology) as listed in English Appendix 1, both to read aloud and to understand the meaning of new words they meet
- Read further exception words, noting the unusual correspondences between spelling and sound, and where these occur in the word
  - Spell the sight word (4-E.1)
Comprehension
- Develop positive attitudes to reading and understanding of what they read by:
  - Listening to and discussing a wide range of fiction, poetry, plays, non-fiction and reference books or textbooks
  - Reading books that are structured in different ways and reading for a range of purposes
  - Using dictionaries to check the meaning of words that they have read
  - Increasing their familiarity with a wide range of books, including fairy stories, myths and legends, and retelling some of these orally
  - Identifying themes and conventions in a wide range of books
    - Determine the themes of myths, fables and folktales (4-G.1)
  - Preparing poems and play scripts to read aloud and to perform, showing understanding through intonation, tone, volume and action
    - Read poetry (4-Q.3)
  - Discussing words and phrases that capture the reader's interest and imagination
  - Recognising some different forms of poetry [for example, free verse, narrative poetry]
    - Read poetry (4-Q.3)
- Understand what they read, in books they can read independently, by:
  - Checking that the text makes sense to them, discussing their understanding and explaining the meaning of words in context
  - Asking questions to improve their understanding of a text
  - Drawing inferences such as inferring characters' feelings, thoughts and motives from their actions, and justifying inferences with evidence
  - Predicting what might happen from details stated and implied
    - Make predictions about a story (4-M.3)
  - Identifying main ideas drawn from more than one paragraph and summarising these
    - Use key details to determine the main idea (4-F.1)
    - Determine the main idea of a passage (4-F.2)
  - Identifying how language, structure, and presentation contribute to meaning
- Retrieve and record information from non-fiction
- Participate in discussion about both books that are read to them and those they can read for themselves, taking turns and listening to what others say

Writing

Transcription
- Use further prefixes and suffixes and understand how to add them (English Appendix 1)
- Spell further homophones
- Spell words that are often misspelt (English Appendix 1)
- Place the possessive apostrophe accurately in words with regular plurals [for example, girls', boys'] and in words with irregular plurals [for example, children's]
- Use the first two or three letters of a word to check its spelling in a dictionary
- Write from memory simple sentences, dictated by the teacher, that include words and punctuation taught so far
Composition
- Plan their writing by:
  - Discussing writing similar to that which they are planning to write in order to understand and learn from its structure, vocabulary and grammar
  - Discussing and recording ideas
    - Order items from most general to most specific (4-T.2)
- Draft and write by:
  - Composing and rehearsing sentences orally (including dialogue), progressively building a varied and rich vocabulary and an increasing range of sentence structures (English Appendix 2)
  - Organising paragraphs around a theme
  - In narratives, creating settings, characters and plot
  - In non-narrative material, using simple organisational devices [for example, headings and sub-headings]
    - Greetings and closings of letters (4-XX.1)
    - Capitalising titles (4-XX.2)
- Evaluate and edit by:
  - Assessing the effectiveness of their own and others' writing and suggesting improvements
  - Proposing changes to grammar and vocabulary to improve consistency, including the accurate use of pronouns in sentences
- Proof-read for spelling and punctuation errors
- Read aloud their own writing, to a group or the whole class, using appropriate intonation and controlling the tone and volume so that the meaning is clear
Vocabulary, grammar and punctuation
- Develop their understanding of the concepts set out in English Appendix 2 by:
- Indicate grammatical and other features by:
  - Using commas after fronted adverbials
    - Commas with direct addresses and after introductory words (4-VV.1)
  - Indicating possession by using the possessive apostrophe with plural nouns
  - Using and punctuating direct speech
- Use and understand the grammatical terminology in English Appendix 2 accurately and appropriately when discussing their writing and reading

English Year 4

Reading

Writing

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